Hub Culture, Inc.

Type	Private
Founded	Hong Kong, China (November, 2002)
Headquarters	Hamilton, Bermuda
Key people	Stan Stalnaker, Founder and Creative Director Tina Frank, [Chairman, Board of Directors]] Meg Thomson, Executive Producer Edie Lush Executive Editor Jeffery Leung Commodities Director Mark Hamilton, Development Director
Website	www.hubculture.com
Type of site	Social network service
Registration	Required
Available in	English (UK), English (US)
Launched	November 2002

Hub Culture is an invitation-led social network service that operates the global digital currency Ven, and according to its website, is "the first to merge online and physical world environments."^[1] It was founded in November 2002. The Hub Culture group of companies is privately held with offices in Bermuda, Geneva, Hong Kong, London, San Francisco and Singapore. Dedicated representatives are in over 60 locations worldwide.

The site has been noted in the Wall Street Journal, CNNMoney.com, New York Times, TechCrunch, Wired, Forbes, Bloomberg, PSFK, Huffington Post, Harvard Business Review, Trendhunting, GDR, and other trend and financial news related websites.

As of February 2012, Hub Culture lists over 20,000 members and has exchanged over 8 million units of its virtual currency, Ven.^[2][3][4] Members create profiles with tags tied to areas of expertise and knowledge, sharing information to help others in the network with business related activities. Members may build working groups to manage collaborative projects with wikis, file sharing, discussions and event planning, or exchange the virtual currency to acknowledge favors and benefits that come from the sharing of information.

Currency[link]

Ven is a global virtual currency used by members of Hub Culture to buy, share and trade knowledge, goods and services globally with anyone in the network and can be spent at any Hub Culture Pavilion or used for micropayments on the Internet at large.^[5] The value of Ven is determined on the financial markets from a basket of currencies, commodities and carbon futures. It trades against other major currencies at floating exchange rates. Global pricing for Ven is provided by Thomson Reuters.^[6] Ven first appeared as an application in Facebook on 4 July 2007. In late 2008 the currency became tradeable to anyone with an email address, making it the first global digital currency to move from an online social network into the real world.^[7]

In December 2009 Hub Culture began using Ven as a micropayment system for the distribution of content produced by members in the network, allowing users to charge access to individual articles or videos posted inside the network system.

In May 2010, carbon pricing contracts were introduced to the weighted basket that determines the value of Ven. The introduction of carbon to the calculation price of the currency made Ven the first (and only, to date) currency that is linked to the environment.^[8] An open API for Ven arrived in January 2011, providing new forms of distribution and access to the currency for the web at large via a developer interface at VenMoney.net.^[9]

In April 2011, the company announced the first commodity trade priced in Ven for gold contracts between Europe and South America.^[10] On Earth Day 2011, the first carbon credit trade priced in Ven was exchanged between Nike and Winrock with the London Carbon Market for Brazilian aforestation.^[11]

In September 2011, Thomson Reuters became the independent calculating agent for Ven, making it the first digital currency to be tracked by the global financial markets, with live market pricing appearing on over 500,000 financial data terminals worldwide.^[12] In November 2011, Hub Culture announced the availability of diamonds, investment grade wines and Ven Gold, a retail gold product sold in individual 1 oz. 22 karat units.^[13]

Pavilions[link]

In 2008, Hub Culture began rolling out Pavilions, member based workspaces in key cities that offer concierge and consulting services, meeting space, on an internet enabled technology platform. Hub Culture Pavilions, both temporary and permanent, have appeared in Cannes, Cancún, Copenhagen, Davos, Ibiza, London, Los Angeles, New York City, Miami, Rio de Janeiro, Sacramento and St. Moritz. Notable among these locations, in December 2009 Hub Culture opened a Pavilion in the heart of Copenhagen to coincide with COP15, a beachfront location in Cancún to coincide with COP16,^[1][3][14] and a guest house location in Durban for COP17.

In 2010, 2011 and 2012 temporary Pavilions opened in Davos, Switzerland during the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting. "Hub Maison" arrived in New York City for New York Fashion Week in its first fashion oriented collaboration with Sportmax. The New York Pavilion became the first Pavilion to offer contemporary retail fashion selections for sale in virtual currency. In May 2010, Hub Culture opened the Cannes Clubhouse, a venue tied to the 63rd Cannes Film Festival in collaboration with Grey Goose. A private island in Croatia and Bali project also use Ven as a means of exchange. The 2011 Davos Pavilion made history with the first vehicles available for sale in Ven, with the all-electric Nissan LEAF on offer.^[15] In 2012, portions of the Davos Pavilion became the first in Europe to be powered by zero-emission energy from the Nissan Leaf using the Leaf-to-Home energy system.^[16]

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Hub Culture

• Official website
• Huffington post news article
• Wall street journal blog article about Ven
• Currency renegades and decentralized cash
• TriplePundit on the Hub Culture 2010 Zeitgeist Ranking
• PSFK: The best cities on the planet

Arianna Huffington
Huffington at the 2012 Time 100 gala
Born	Arianna Stasinopoúlou (1950-07-15) July 15, 1950 (age 61) Athens, Greece
Occupation	Journalist, Tycoon
Nationality	Greek American
Alma mater	Cambridge University
Genres	Non-fiction, news
Subjects	Politics, spirituality, environment, liberalism
Spouse(s)	Michael Huffington (1986–1997)
www.huffingtonpost.com

Arianna Huffington (formerly Stassinopoulos; born Greek: Αριάννα Στασινοπούλου, July 15, 1950) is a Greek-born American author and syndicated columnist. She is best known for her liberal news website The Huffington Post. A popular conservative commentator in the mid-1990s, she adopted liberal political beliefs in the late 1990s.^[1] She is the ex-wife of former Republican congressman Michael Huffington.

In 2003, she ran as an independent candidate for Governor in the California recall election.^[2]

In 2009, Huffington was named as number 12 in Forbes' first-ever list of the Most Influential Women In Media.^[3] She has also moved up to number 42 in The Guardian's Top 100 in Media List.^[4]

In 2011, AOL acquired The Huffington Post for US$315 million and made Huffington president and editor in chief of The Huffington Post Media Group, which included The Huffington Post and then-existing AOL properties such as Engadget, AOL Music, Patch Media, and StyleList.^[5]

Early life[link]

Huffington was born Arianna Stasinopoúlou in Athens, Greece, the daughter of Konstantinos (a journalist and management consultant) and Elli (née Georgiadi) Stasinopoulos, and is the sister of Agapi (an author, speaker and performer).^{[citation needed]} She moved to England at the age of 16, and studied economics at Girton College, Cambridge, where she was President of the Cambridge Union.^[6]

In 1971, she appeared in an edition of Face the Music along with Bernard Levin. He was 42 ; she was 21. A relationship developed, of which she wrote, after his death: "He wasn't just the big love of my life, he was a mentor as a writer and a role model as a thinker."^[7]. Huffington began writing books in the 1970s, with editorial help from Levin. For the BBC, the two traveled to music festivals around the world. They spent summers touring three-star restaurants in France. At the age of 30, she remained deeply in love with him but longed to have children; Levin never wanted to marry or have children. Huffington concluded that she must break away, and moved to New York in 1980.^[7]

Career[link]

In the late 1980s, Huffington wrote several articles for National Review. In 1981, she wrote a biography of Maria Callas, Maria Callas – The Woman Behind the Legend, and in 1989, a biography of Pablo Picasso, Picasso: Creator and Destroyer.^[8]

Huffington rose to national prominence during her husband's unsuccessful Senate bid in 1994. She became known as a reliable supporter of conservative causes such as Newt Gingrich's "Republican Revolution" and Bob Dole's 1996 candidacy for president. She teamed up with liberal comedian Al Franken as the conservative half of "Strange Bedfellows"^[9] during Comedy Central's coverage of the 1996 U.S. presidential election. For her work, she and the writing team of Politically Incorrect with Bill Maher were nominated for an Emmy for Outstanding Writing for a Variety or Music Program.^{[citation needed]} She has also made a few forays into acting with roles on shows such as Roseanne, The L Word, How I Met Your Mother, Help Me Help You, and the film EdTV.^[10]

Huffington's politics began to shift back^{[clarification needed]} toward the left in the late 1990s. In 2000, she instigated the 'Shadow Conventions', which appeared at the Republican National Convention in Philadelphia and the Democratic National Convention in Los Angeles at Patriotic Hall.^[11]

Campaigning for Governor of California, 2003

Huffington heads The Detroit Project, a public interest group lobbying automakers to start producing cars running on alternative fuels. The project's 2003 TV ads, which equated driving sport utility vehicles to funding terrorism, proved to be particularly controversial, with some stations refusing to run them.^[12]

In a 2004 appearance on The Daily Show with Jon Stewart, she announced her endorsement of John Kerry by saying, "When your house is burning down, you don't worry about the remodeling."^[13] Huffington was a panel speaker during the 2005 California Democratic Party State Convention, held in Los Angeles. She also spoke at the 2004 College Democrats of America Convention in Boston, which was held in conjunction with the 2004 Democratic National Convention. Huffington is also a regular panelist on the nationally syndicated weekend radio program, Both Sides Now with Huffington & Matalin,^[14] hosted by Mark Green.

California recall election participation[link]

Huffington was an independent candidate to recall California governor Gray Davis in the 2003 recall election. She described her candidacy against front runner Arnold Schwarzenegger as "the hybrid versus the Hummer," making reference to her ownership of a hybrid vehicle, the Toyota Prius, and Schwarzenegger's Hummer. The two would proceed to have a high-profile clash during the election's debate, during which both candidates were rebuked for making personal attacks.^{[citation needed]}

Despite briefly retaining former U.S. Senator Dean Barkley as a campaign advisor and advertising executive Bill Hillsman as her media director, she dropped out of the race on September 30, 2003. Others attributed her exit to her inability to garner support for her candidacy, noting that polls showed that only about two percent of likely California voters planned to vote for her at the time of her withdrawal.^[15] Though she failed to stop the recall, Huffington's name remained on the ballot and she placed 5th, capturing 0.55% of the vote.

Media presence[link]

In the 1970s, on the strength of her prominence in the Cambridge Union, Arianna Stassinopoulos was a frequent panelist on the weekly BBC Radio 4 political discussion programme, Any Questions?, and the BBC television panel games Call My Bluff and Face the Music.^{[citation needed]} She was the first female host of the BBC's late night chat show Saturday Night at The Mill, broadcast live from the foyer of the BBC's Pebble Mill Studios in Birmingham.^{[citation needed]} She was dropped from the show after just a few weeks in the role, and was replaced by Jenny Hanley.^{[citation needed]}

Huffington at the 2011 Tribeca Film Festival

Huffington's book The Fourth Instinct is based on the idea that all humans have an inherent spiritual yearning.^[16]

Huffington is the co-host of the weekly, nationally syndicated, public radio program Both Sides Now, along with Mary Matalin, former top aide to the Bush/Cheney White House. Every week on Both Sides Now, Huffington and Matalin discuss the nation's relevant political issues, offering both sides of every issue to the listeners. Both Sides Now is hosted by former Air Radio America President and HuffPost blogger Mark J. Green.^[14]

Huffington also has an Internet presence with her website The Huffington Post, which features blogs and commentary from her and from a number of prominent liberal journalists, public officials, and celebrities.

Prior to The Huffington Post, Huffington hosted a website called Ariannaonline.com. Her first foray into the Internet was a website called Resignation.com, which called for the resignation of President Bill Clinton and was a rallying place for conservatives opposing Clinton.^[17]

In November 2008, Huffington joined the cast of Seth MacFarlane's animated series, The Cleveland Show, where she lends her voice to the wife of Tim the Bear, also named Arianna.^[18]

On November 17, 2008, Huffington substituted for Rachel Maddow on MSNBC's The Rachel Maddow Show. The online website TV Newser has put forward the idea that she is in the running for a more permanent role as commentator or anchor at MSNBC.^[19]

Huffington was spoofed by actress Michaela Watkins on the November 22, 2008, episode of Saturday Night Live.^[20]

Huffington was also spoofed on the first season of Tracey Ullman's State of the Union in 2008.^{[citation needed]}

Huffington appeared as herself in the May 10, 2010, episode of the CBS sitcom How I Met Your Mother.^[21]

Huffington participated in the 24th annual "Distinguished Speaker Series" at the University at Buffalo, NY., on September 16, 2010. She headlined a debate against radio co-host Mary Matalin on current world events, political issues, and the local Buffalo economy. The University at Buffalo "Distinguished Speaker Series" has featured a multitude of world-renowned politicians and celebrities such as; Tony Blair, Bill Nye, Jon Stewart, and the Dalai Lama.^{[citation needed]}

Huffington offered to provide as many buses as necessary to transport those who want to go to Jon Stewart's Rally to Restore Sanity and/or Fear on October 30, 2010, from the Huffington Post Headquarters in New York City.^[22] Ultimately, she paid for 150 buses to ferry almost 10,000 people from Citi Field in Queens to RFK Stadium in DC. The only self-promotion on her part was 'Huffington Post' written on the bracelets needed to get on the bus.

Huffington appeared as herself in the Family Guy episode "Brian Writes a Bestseller" on November 21, 2010,^[23] taking part in a discussion on a mock version of Real Time with Bill Maher about the quality of a book Brian Griffin authored in this episode.

Plagiarism claims[link]

Huffington was accused of plagiarism for copying material for her book Maria Callas (1981); the claims were settled out of court in 1981, with Callas' biographer Gerald Fitzgerald being paid "in the low five figures."^[24][25][26]

Lydia Gasman, an art history professor at the University of Virginia, claimed that Huffington’s 1988 biography of Pablo Picasso, Picasso: Creator and Destroyer, included themes similar to those in her unpublished four-volume Ph.D. thesis. "What she did was steal twenty years of my work," Gasman told Maureen Orth in 1994. Gasman did not file suit.^[27]

Maureen Orth also reported that Huffington "borrowed heavily for her 1993 book, The Gods of Greece."^[24]

Personal life[link]

Huffington met her future husband Michael Huffington in 1985. They were married a year later. They later established residency in Santa Barbara, California, in order for him to run in 1992 as a Republican for a seat in the U.S. House of Representatives, which he won by a significant margin. Arianna campaigned for her husband, courting religious conservatives, arguing for smaller government and a reduction in welfare. In 1994, he narrowly lost the race for the U.S. Senate seat to California to incumbent Dianne Feinstein.^[28] The couple divorced in 1997.^[29] They have two daughters – Christina Sophia Huffington and Isabella Diana Huffington.^{[citation needed]} She became a naturalized American citizen in 1990.^[30] In 1998 Michael Huffington disclosed that he was bisexual.^[31]

Religion[link]

Huffington was a member of the Rajneesh movement in the early 80s along with her then-partner Bernard Levin.^[32] Later they both joined the MSIA movement.^[32]

Bibliography[link]

• The Female Woman (1973) ISBN 0-7067-0098-8
• After Reason (1978) ISBN 0-8128-2465-2
• Maria Callas: The Woman Behind the Legend (1981; 1993) ISBN 0-8154-1228-2
• The Gods of Greece (1993) ISBN 0-87113-554-X
• The Fourth Instinct (1994) ISBN 0-7432-6163-1
• Picasso: Creator and Destroyer (1996) ISBN 0-671-45446-3
• Greetings from the Lincoln Bedroom (1998) ISBN 0-517-39699-8
• How to Overthrow the Government (2000) ISBN 0-06-098831-2
• Pigs at the Trough (2003) ISBN 1-4000-4771-4
• Fanatics & Fools (2004) ISBN 1-4013-5213-8
• On Becoming Fearless...In Love, Work, and Life (2007) ISBN 0-316-16682-0
• Right is Wrong: How the Lunatic Fringe Hijacked America, Shredded the Constitution, and Made Us All Less Safe (2008) ISBN 978-0-307-26966-9
• Third World America: How Our Politicians Are Abandoning the Middle Class and Betraying the American Dream (2010) ISBN 0-307-71982-0

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Arianna Huffington

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Arianna Huffington

• Column archive at The Huffington Post
• Column archive at AlterNet
• Appearances on C-SPAN
• Arianna Huffington on Charlie Rose
• Arianna Huffington at the Internet Movie Database
• Arianna Huffington collected news and commentary at The Guardian
• Arianna Huffington collected news and commentary at The New York Times
• Works by or about Arianna Huffington in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
• Campaign contributions made by Arianna Huffington

Interviews and statements[link]

• Booknotes interview with Huffington on How to Overthrow the Government, February 13, 2000.
• YouTube: "Arianna Huffington video interview on The Alcove with Mark Molaro, 2008"
• Video interview/discussion with Huffington and Robert Wright on Bloggingheads.tv
• "7 Days in America" podcast
• Arianna Huffington interview^{[dead link]} on the Tavis Smiley show. Watch her interview online. October 2006
• Video of Arianna Huffington on The Hour
• Arianna Huffington on her New Book Third World America – eo interview by Democracy Now!, September 10, 2010
• Arianna Huffington interviewed by Sophie Elmhirst on New Statesman, December 2010

Articles[link]

• McLellan, Diana. Arianna Huffington, Washingtonian, May 1, 1994.
• Los Angeles Shadow Convention; Aug 13–17, 2000
• Arianna Huffington profile at the Left, Right and Center website
• Hurricane Arianna, article by Paul Harris, The Observer, December 10, 2006
• This is the Future of the News: The Arianna Huffington Interview by David Weinberger for Wired, May 15, 2007
• The Times: Arianna Huffington: The Super Blogger

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Mike Butcher
Butcher in 2011.
Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim – No. 23
Pitcher / Coach
Born: (1965-05-10) May 10, 1965 (age 47) Davenport, Iowa
Batted: Right	Threw: Right
MLB debut
July 6, 1992 for the California Angels
Last MLB appearance
September 5, 1995 for the California Angels
Career statistics
Win–loss record	11–4
Earned run average	4.47
Strikeouts	96
Teams
California Angels (1992–1995)

Michael Dana Butcher (born May 10, 1965 in Davenport, Iowa) is a retired Major League Baseball relief pitcher. He pitched for the California Angels from 1992 to 1995.

Butcher graduated from United Township High School in East Moline, Illinois in 1983.^[1] He was drafted by the Cincinnati Reds in the 4th round of the 1986 Major League Baseball Draft, but did not sign.^[2] He signed with the Kansas City Royals after being drafted in the 2nd round of the 1986 June Secondary draft.^[2] Butcher was released by the Royals in 1988 and then signed as a free agent with the California Angels, with whom he made his Major League debut in 1992. Butcher played his final Major League game in 1995, although he pitched in the Seattle Mariners', Cleveland Indians' and Angels' organizations until 1998.^[2]

He is currently the pitching coach for the Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim, having served in that position since November 2006.^[1]

References[link]

External links[link]

• Career statistics and player information from Baseball-Reference
• Official bio
• Retrosheet
• Mike Butcher (Editor TechCrunch) about TechCrunch & TechHub: Interview with 99FACES.tv

This biographical article relating to an American baseball pitcher born in the 1960s is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. v t e

This biographical article relating to an American baseball manager or coach is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. v t e

Count Peter von Lacy, or Pyotr Petrovich Lacy (Russian: Пётр Петрович Ласси), as he was known in Russia (26 September 1678, Killeedy, Limerick, Ireland – bef. 11 May 1751, Riga, Russia), was one of the most successful Russian imperial commanders before Rumyantsev and Suvorov. During a military career that spanned half a century, he professed to have been present at a total of 31 campaigns, 18 battles, and 18 sieges. He died at Riga, of which he for many years served as governor.

Life[link]

Family[link]

Peter Lacy was born as Pierce Edmond (de) Lacy^[1] on 26 September 1678 in Killeedy near Limerick into a noble Irish family. It is claimed that Peter's de Lacy family of Limerick descends from William Gorm de Lacy, the son of Hugh de Lacy, Lord of Meath (bef.1135–1186),^[2] and from thence back to the Norman soldier Walter de Lacy (–c.1085) who hailed from Lassy, Calvados.

In an autobiography preserved by his descendants, Count Peter claimed that his father Peter was the son of John Lacy of Ballingarry.^[3] Count Peter also claimed Pierce Oge de Lacy of Bruff as a kinsman. It appears that Count Peter's grandfather John Lacy of Ballingarry was of the House of Bruff, and possibly the brother of Pierce (Peter) Oge (the young) Lacy of Bruff (–1607, executed) celebrated from the wars against Elizabeth I, the son of Sir Hempon Pierce de Lacy, who maintained that he was 18th in direct descent from William Gorm de Lacy,^[4] son of Hugh de Lacy, Lord of Meath, and great-great-grandson of Walter I de Lacy (–c.1085), the Norman soldier. It also appears that his father's brother was Lieutenant-Colonel John Lacy of the House of Bruff, and that this was the uncle John with whom Count Peter served at the age of 13 in the defence of Limerick, who had rescued Count Peter by buying him off at the capitulation of Limerick, then fled overseas with Count Peter and the rest of his regiment (which included Count Peter's father and brother) to join the Irish Brigade in France, and who was killed in October 1693 while fighting with Count Peter in the battle of the "Val de Marseilles". Lieutenant-Colonel John Lacy of the House of Bruff who had resided in Killmallock had prior to 1647 been an officer in the time of Charles I of England, had fought in France and Flanders, and been a prisoner in England for 2 years. In 1647 he was the only Lacy to be a member of the Supreme Council of Confederate Catholics, and in 1651 he was excluded from amnesty after the 1st Siege of Limerick. He was Deputy Governor of Limerick 1685-86, and one of the representatives of Killmallock in the Parliament of Dublin in 1689.^[3]

Early career in Ireland and Western Europe[link]

At the age of 13, during the Williamite war in Ireland Peter was attached to the Jacobite defence of Limerick against the Williamites with the rank of Lieutenant. The Flight of the Wild Geese followed, with Peter, his father and brother joining the Irish Brigade in France. After his relatives lost their lives fighting for Louis XIV in Italy, Peter was induced to seek his fortune elsewhere. After two years of service in the Austrian army, Lacy followed his commander, Charles Eugène de Croy, into the Russian service.

Service under Peter the Great[link]

His first taste of land battle in Russia was the disastrous defeat at Narva, in which Lacy commanded a unit of musketeers, holding the rank of poruchik. During the Great Northern War he was seriously wounded on two occasions, gaining the rank of colonel in 1706. The following year he led a brigade at Poltava, in which battle he greatly distinguished himself. From this point began his fame as a soldier. His next active service, still under Prince Repnin, was the siege of Riga. Lacy was reputedly the first Russian officer to enter the capital of Livland and he was appointed the first Russian chatelain of Riga Castle in the aftermath.

In 1719 Apraksin's fleet landed Lacy with 5,000 infantry and 370 cavalry near Umeå in Sweden, where they proceeded to devastate a dozen iron foundries and a number of mills. Soon promoted general, he entered the Military Collegium (modelled by Peter I upon the Swedish administrative reforms introduced by Axel Oxenstierna) — as the Russian Ministry of Defense was then known — in 1723. Three years later, Lacy succeeded Repnin in command of the Russian forces quartered in Livland, and in 1729 he was appointed Governor of Riga. These positions brought him in contact with the Duchess of Courland, who before long ascended the Russian throne as Empress Anna. During her reign, Lacy's capacity for supreme command would never be doubted.

Service under Empress Anna[link]

The War of the Polish Succession again called him into the field. In 1733, Lacy and Munnich expelled the Polish king, Stanisław Leszczyński, from Warsaw to Danzig, which was besieged by them in 1734. Thereupon the Irishman was commanded to march towards the Rhine and join his 13,500-strong contingent with the forces of Eugene of Savoy. To that end his corps advanced into Germany and, meeting the Austrians on 16 August, returned to winter quarters in Moravia with exemplary discipline.

Lacy had reached the rank of Field Marshal with the outbreak of the Russo-Turkish War, in which his success exceeded even the most unreasonable expectations. In 1736 he was in charge of the Don Army which took the key citadel of Azov, and in the next year his corps crossed the Syvash marshes into Crimea, where he fell upon the 15,000-strong Crimean army and routed them in two battles, on June 12 and June 14. In 1738, Lacy's corps again landed in Crimea and took the fortress of Çufut Qale near the Khan's capital, Bakhchisaray.

As soon as peace had been restored, Lacy was reinstated as the Governor of Livland, while Emperor Charles VI conferred on him the title of imperial count. His indifference to politics prevented his downfall following Anna's death, when other foreign commanders fell into disgrace and were expelled from active service.

Service under Empress Elizabeth[link]

When the Russo-Swedish War broke out in 1741, the government of Anna Leopoldovna appointed him Commander-in-Chief as the most experienced among Russian generals. Lacy quickly struck against Finland and won his last brilliant victory at Lappeenranta (August 1741). The following year he rallied his forces and proceeded to capture Hamina, Porvoo and Hämeenlinna, by August encircling more than 17,000 Swedes near Helsinki and effectively bringing the hostilities to an end.

The war over, Lacy withdrew to Riga and resumed the command of the Russian forces stationed in Livland. He administered what is now Northern Latvia and Southern Estonia until his death before 11 May 1751 in Riga. His son Franz Moritz von Lacy had entered the Austrian service in 1743 and became one of the most successful imperial commanders of the 18th century.

Marriage and children[link]

Count Peter married Estonian-Livonian noblewoman Maret Philippine ("Martha") von Funcken from Liezere, widow of the young Count Hannes Kristof Frölich (d 1710), and daughter of general Remmert von Funcken, lord of Liezere, and his second wife baroness Helena Üksküla. They had 5 daughters and 2 sons.

One son was Count Franz Moritz von Lacy, the famous Austrian Field Marshal who was also a Count of the Holy Roman Empire.

Nothing is known about the other, supposedly older, son and in some references he is incorrectly attributed with accolades that belong to his father Count Peter and/or his brother Count Franz.

Ancestry[link]

Orders[link]

• Order of St. Alexander Nevsky granted 1725 during Coronation ceremonies of the Czarina, Catherine I
• Order of the White Eagle (Poland)

See also[link]

• Irish military diaspora
• Irish regiments

References[link]

v t e Governors-General of the Baltic Provinces Anikita Repnin • Lacy • Dolgorukiy • Browne • Nicholas Repnin • von der Pahlen • Golitsyn • von Buxhoeveden • Tormasov • von Buxhoeveden • Lobanov-Rostovsky • Paulucci • von der Pahlen • Golovin • Suvorov • von Lieven • Shuvalov • Baranov • Albedinskiy • Bagrationi